Rising Temperatures Threaten Outdoor Work

South Asia, home to a significant portion of the global population, is facing the mounting impacts of climate change. Among the countries most vulnerable to extreme weather conditions is Sri Lanka, which is now contending with rising temperatures and hazardous climate-induced risks to livelihoods, especially outdoor labor and agriculture. A new report by the World Bank outlines the urgent need for adaptive measures in the region.

Sri Lanka Among South Asian Nations Facing Unsafe Outdoor Temperatures

According to the World Bank's report titled “From Risk to Resilience: Helping People and Firms Adapt in South Asia”, Sri Lanka is among four South Asian countries—alongside India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh—where temperatures are already too high for people to work safely outdoors for six hours a day. By 2050, this threshold is projected to increase to eight to nine hours daily, posing a serious risk to millions of outdoor workers.

South Asia at the Epicenter of Climate Vulnerability

The report highlights South Asia as the most climate-vulnerable region among emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs), citing data from the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative. The region has experienced the highest frequency of floods and extreme heat events in the past two decades—trends that are expected to intensify.

Extreme Weather on the Rise

By 2030, it is estimated that nearly 90% of South Asia’s population will be exposed to intense heat, while more than one in five people will be at risk of severe flooding. Since 2015, natural disasters have impacted an average of 67 million people annually across the region. While flood-related deaths have declined, fatalities linked to extreme temperatures are increasing.

Agriculture Under Threat

The World Bank warns of significant threats to agriculture in South Asia. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, prolonged droughts, and sudden floods are all contributing to the growing instability of the region’s food systems. These challenges jeopardize the livelihoods of millions dependent on farming and related industries

Need for Private Sector Adaptation

With government budgets stretched thin, the report emphasizes the critical role of the private sector in adaptation efforts. It recommends comprehensive policy reforms to support households and businesses in preparing for, and adapting to, the worsening effects of climate change.